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The following is taken from the now defunct
site www.parascope.com and presents a
memo which duplicates much of what is in Northwoods.
Office of the Secretary of Defense
Washington 25, D.C.
13 March 1962
MEMORANDUM FOR CHIEF OF OPERATIONS, CUBA PROJECT
Subject: Justification for US
Military Intervention in Cuba (TS)
1. Reference is made to
memorandum from Chief of Operations, Cuba Project, for General Craig, subject:
"Operation MONGOOSE", dated 5 March 1962, which requested brief but
precise description of pretexts which the Joint Chiefs of Staff consider would
provide justification for US military intervention in Cuba.
2. The projects listed in the
enclosure hereto are forwarded as a preliminary submission suitable for planning
purposes. It is assumed that there will be similar submissions from other
agencies and that these inputs will be used as a basis for developing a
time-phased plan. The individual projects can then be considered on a
case-by-case basis.
3. This plan, incorporating
projects selected from the attached suggestions, or from other sources, should
be developed to focus all efforts on a specific ultimate objective which would
provide adequate justification for US military intervention. Such a plan would
enable a logical build-up of incidents to be combined with other seemingly
unrelated events to camouflage the ultimate objective and create the necessary
impression of Cuban rashness and irresponsibility on a large scale, directed at
other countries as well as the United States. The plan would also properly
integrate and time phase the courses of action to be pursued. The desired
resultant from the execution of this plan would be to place the United States in
the apparent position of suffering defensible grievances from a rash and
irresponsible government of Cuba and to develop an international image of a
Cuban threat to peace in the Western Hemisphere.
4. Time is an important factor in
resolution of the Cuban problem. Therefore, the plan should be so time-phased
that projects would be operable within the next few months.
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5. Inasmuch as the ultimate
objective is overt military intervention, it is recommeded that primary
responsibility for developing military and para-military aspects of the plan for
both overt and covert military operations be assigned the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
WILLIAM H. CRAIG
Brig General, USA
DOD/JCS Representative
Caribbean Survey Group
Enclosure
Pretexts to Justify
Military Intervention
in Cuba
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MEMORANDUM FOR CHIEF OF OPERATIONS, CUBA PROJECT
Subject: Justification for US Military Intervention in Cuba
(TS)
1. Reference is made to
memorandum from Chief of Operations, Cuba Project, for General Craig, subject:
"Operation MONGOOSE", dated 5 March 1962, which requested brief but
precise description of pretexts which the Joint Chiefs of Staff consider would
provide justification for US military intervention in Cuba.
2. The projects listed in the
enclosure hereto are forwarded as a preliminary submission suitable for planning
purposes. It is assumed that there will be similar submissions from other
agencies and that these inputs will be used as a basis for developing a
time-phased plan. The individual projects can then be considered on a
case-by-case basis.
3. This plan, incorporating
projects selected from the attached suggestions, or from other sources, should
be developed to focus all efforts on a specific ultimate objective which would
provide adequate justification for US military intervention. Such a plan would
enable a logical build-up of incidents to be combined with other seemingly
unrelated events to camouflage the ultimate objective and create the necessary
impression of Cuban rashness and irresponsibility on a large scale, directed at
other countries as well as the United States. The plan would also properly
integrate and time phase the courses of action to be pursued. The desired
resultant from the execution of this plan would be to place the United States in
the apparent position of suffering defensible grievances from a rash and
irresponsible government of Cuba and to develop an international image of a
Cuban threat to peace in the Western Hemisphere.
[Click here
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4. Time is an important factor in
resolution of the Cuban problem. Therefore, the plan should be so time-phased
that projects would be operable within the next few months.
5. Inasmuch as the ultimate
objective is overt military intervention, it is recommended that primary
responsibility for developing military and para-military aspects of the plan for
both overt and covert military operations be assigned the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Enclosure
Pretexts to Justify Military Intervention
In Cuba
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PRETEXTS TO JUSTIFY US MILITARY INTERVENTION IN CUBA
(Note: The courses of action
which follow are a preliminary submission suitable only for planning purposes.
They are arranged neither chronologically nor in ascending order. Together with
similar inputs from other agencies, they are intended to provide a point of
departure for the development of a single, integrated, time-phased plan. Such a
plan would permit the evaluation of individual projects within the context of
cumulative, correlated actions designed to lead inexorably to the objective of
adequate justification for US military intervention in Cuba).
1. Since it would seem desirable
to use legitimate provocation as the basis for US military intervention in Cuba
a cover and deception plan, to include requisite preliminary actions such as has
been developed in response to Task 33 c, could be executed as an initial effort
to provoke Cuban reactions. Harassment plus deceptive actions to convince the
Cubans of imminent invasion would be emphasized. Our military posture throughout
execution of the plan will allow a rapid change from exercise to intervention if
Cuban response justifies.
2. A series of well coordinated
incidents will be planned to take place in and around Guantanamo to give genuine
appearance of being done by hostile Cuban forces.
a.
Incidents to establish a credible attack (not in chronological order):
(1)
Start rumors (many). Use clandestine radio.
(2)
Land friendly Cubans in uniform "over-the-fence" to stage attack on
base.
(3)
Capture Cuban (friendly) saboteurs inside the base.
(4)
Start riots near the base main gate (friendly Cubans).
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(5)
Blow up ammunition inside the base; start fires.
(6)
Burn aircraft on air base (sabotage).
(7)
Lob mortar shells from outside of base into base. Some damage to installations.
(8)
Capture assault teams approaching from the sea or vicinity of Guantanamo City.
(9)
Capture militia group which storms the base.
(10)
Sabotage ship in harbor; large fires -- napthalene.
(11)
Sink ship near harbor entrance. Conduct funerals for mock-victims (may be lieu
of (10)).
b.
United States would respond by executing offensive operations to secure water
and power supplies, destroying artillery and mortar emplacements which threaten
the base.
c.
Commence large scale United States military operations.
3. A "Remember the
Maine" incident could be arranged in several forms:
a.
We could blow up a US ship in Guantanamo Bay and blame Cuba.
b.
We could blow up a drone (unmanned) vessel anywhere in the Cuban waters. We
could arrange to cause such incident in the vicinity of Havana or Santiago as a
spectacular result of Cuban attack from the air or sea, or both. The presence of
Cuban planes or ships merely investigating the intent of the vessel could be
fairly compelling evidence that the ship was under attack. The nearness to
Havana or Santiago would add credibility especially to those people that might
have heard the blast or have seen the fire. The US could follow up with an
air/sea rescue operation covered by US fighters to "evacuate"
remaining members of the non-existent crew. Casualty lists in US newspapers
would cause a helpful wave of national indignation.
4. We could develop a Communist
Cuban terror campaign in the Miami area, in other Florida cities and even in
Washington.
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The terror campaign could be pointed at Cuban refugees seeking haven in the
United States. We could sink a boatload of Cubans enroute to Florida (real or
simulated). We could foster attempts on lives of Cuban refugees in the United
States even to the extent of wounding in instances to be widely publicized.
Exploding a few plastic bombs in carefully chosen spots, the arrest of Cuban
agents and the release of prepared documents substantiating Cuban involvement
also would be helpful in projecting the idea of an irresponsible government.
5. A "Cuban-based,
Castro-supported" filibuster could be simulated against a neighboring
Caribbean nation (in the vein of the 14th of June invasion of the Dominican
Republic). We know that Castro is backing subversive efforts clandestinely
against Haiti, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, and Nicaragua at present and
possible others. These efforts can be magnified and additional ones contrived
for exposure. For example, advantage can be taken of the sensitivity of the
Dominican Air Force to intrusions within their national air space.
"Cuban" B-26 or C-46 type aircraft could make cane-burning raids at
night. Soviet Bloc incendiaries could be found. This could be coupled with
"Cuban" messages to the Communist underground in the Dominican
Republic and "Cuban" shipments of arms which could be found, or
intercepted, on the beach.
6. Use of MIG type aircraft by US
pilots could provide additional provocation. Harassment of civil air, attacks on
surface shipping and destruction of US military drone aircraft by MIG type
planes would be useful as complementary actions. An F-86 properly painted would
convince air passengers that they saw a Cuban MIG, especially if the pilot of
the transport were to announce such fact. The primary drawback to this
suggestion appears to be the security risk inherent in obtaining or modifying an
aircraft. However, reasonable copies of the MIG could be produced from US
resources in about three months.
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7. Hijacking attempts against
civil air and surface craft should appear to continue as harassing measures
condoned by the government of Cuba. Concurrently, genuine defections of Cuban
civil and military air and surface craft should be encouraged.
8. It is possible to create an
incident which will demonstrate convincingly that a Cuban aircraft has attacked
and shot down a chartered civil airliner enroute from the United States to
Jamaica, Guatemala, Panama or Venezuela. The destination would be chosen only to
cause the flight plan route to cross Cuba. The passengers could be a group of
college students off on a holiday or any grouping of persons with a common
interest to support chartering a non-scheduled flight.
a.
An aircraft at Eglin AFB would be painted and numbered as an exact duplicate for
a civil registered aircraft belonging to a CIA proprietary organization in the
Miami area. At a designated time the duplicate would be substituted for the
actual aircraft and would be loaded with the selected passengers, all boarded
under carefully prepared aliases. The actual registered aircraft would be
converted to a drone.
b.
Take off times of the drone aircraft and the actual aircraft will be scheduled
to allow a rendezvous south of Florida. From the rendezvous point the
passenger-carrying aircraft will descend to minimum altitude and go directly
into an auxiliary field at Eglin AFB where arrangements will have been made to
evacuate the passengers and return the aircraft to its original status. The
drone aircraft meanwhile will continue to fly the filed flight plan. When over
Cuba the drone will being transmitting on the international distress frequency a
"MAY DAY" message stating he is under attack by Cuban MIG aircraft.
The transmission will be interrupted by destruction of the aircraft which will
be triggered by radio signal. This will allow ICAO radio
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stations in the Western Hemisphere to tell the US what has happened to the
aircraft instead of the US trying to "sell" the incident.
9. It is possible to create an
incident which will make it appear that Communist Cuban MIGs have destroyed a
USAF aircraft over international waters in an unprovoked attack.
a.
Approximately 4 or 5 F-101 aircraft will be dispatched in trail from Homestead
AFB, Florida, to the vicinity of Cuba. Their mission will be to reverse course
and simulate fakir aircraft for an air defense exercise in southern Florida.
These aircraft would conduct variations of these flights at frequent intervals.
Crews would be briefed to remain at least 12 miles off the Cuban coast; however,
they would be required to carry live ammunition in the event that hostile
actions were taken by the Cuban MIGs.
b. On one such flight, a
pre-briefed pilot would fly tail-end Charley at considerable interval between
aircraft. While near the Cuban Island this pilot would broadcast that he had
been jumped by MIGs and was going down. No other calls would be made. The pilot
would then fly directly west at extremely low altitude and land at a secure
base, an Eglin auxiliary. The aircraft would be met by the proper people,
quickly stored and given a new tail number. The pilot who had performed the
mission under an alias, would resume his proper identity and return to his
normal place of business. The pilot and aircraft would then have disappeared.
c. At precisely the same time
that the aircraft was presumably shot down a submarine or small surface craft
would disburse F-101 parts, parachute, etc., at approximately 15 to 20 miles off
the Cuban coast and depart. The pilots returning to Homestead would have a true
story as far as they knew. Search ships and aircraft could be dispatched and
parts of aircraft found.
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[document ends]
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